I've learned. I'll share.

January 9, 2008

Monads in Ruby (with nice syntax!)

My last article was about how you can do monads in python with nice syntax. Now I'd like to present nice monad syntax in Ruby. I'm not explaining what monads are or how you can use them. For now, I'm expecting you to be familiar with monads. If you aren't, go read a nice article on them.

Imagine you have a Monad base class like this:

class Monad
  def bind(func)
    raise "not implemented"
  end

  def self.unit(val)
    raise "not implemented"
  end

  # bind to block
  def bindb(&func)
    bind(func)
  end
end

As an aside, Please excuse there being a "bind" and a "bindb". It's silly that Ruby differentiates between a block and Proc like that. I also think it's silly that I have to keep typing "lambda {|val| func(val)}" to turn a method into a Proc and "proc.call(val)" to call a Proc. In python, methods, functions, and lambdas are all the same thing, and it's a lot easier to code with. In this sense, python is way better. But Ruby has really slick syntax for passing in the block, and python's lambda restrictions are annoying. Why can't we have the best of both? I guess then I'd need Scala or Perl6. End aside.

Let's implement the Either monad, which I call it Failable:

class Failable < Monad
  def initialize(value, success)
    @value   = value
    @success = success
  end

  def bind(bindee)
    if @success
      bindee.call(@value)
    else
      self
    end
  end

  def self.unit(val)
    self.new(val, true)
  end

  def to_s
    if @success
      "Success(#{@value})"
    else
      "Failure(#{@value})"
    end
  end
end

def success(val)
  Failable.new(val, true)
end

def failure(val)
  Failable.new(val, false)
end

Now we can write some code that safely handles divide by zero without using exceptions (actually, exceptions essentiatlly are the Either monad, but never mind that for now):

def fdiv(a, b)
  if b == 0
    failure("cannot divide by zero")
  else
    success(a / b)
  end
end

def fdiv_with_binding(first_divisor)
  fdiv(2.0, first_divisor).bindb do |val1|
    fdiv(3.0, 1.0)        .bindb do |val2|
      fdiv(val1, val2)    .bindb do |val3|
        success(val3)
      end
    end
  end
end

puts fdiv_with_binding(1.0)
puts fdiv_with_binding(0.0)

Which prints:

Success(0.666666666666667)
Failure(cannot divide by zero)

But it's not very pretty. Luckily, ruby has callcc, which makes it very easy to define a function which I'll call "rbind" which can do this:

def fdiv_with_rbinding(first_divisor)
  with_monad Failable do
    val1 = rbind fdiv(2.0, first_divisor)
    val2 = rbind fdiv(3.0, 1.0)
    val3 = rbind fdiv(val1, val2)
    val3
  end
end

def with_monad(monad_class, & block)
  begin
    val = block.call()
    if val.class == monad_class
      val
    else
      monad_class.unit(val)
    end
  rescue MonadEscape => escape
    escape.monad
  end
end

def rbind(monad)
  begin
    checked_callcc {|cc| monad.bind(cc)}
  rescue ContinuationUnused => unused
    raise MonadEscape.new(unused.result)
  end
end

class MonadEscape < RuntimeError
  attr :monad

  def initialize(monad)
    @monad = monad
  end
end

def checked_callcc(&with_cc)
  callcc do |cont|
    val = with_cc.call(lambda {|val| cont.call(val)})
    raise ContinuationUnused.new(val) if cont
    val
  end
end

class ContinuationUnused < RuntimeError
  attr :result
  
  def initialize(result)
    @result = result
  end
end  

Ruby's block syntax makes it very nice to say "with_monad Monad do", which I like. But I don't really like seeing "= rbind". I'd really like it if we could override "<<" and read that as "=<<", but I think we're stuck with unary operators ("+", "-", "~", all of which look bad here) or words. At least we can choose our name, unlike in python where we have to use "yield". Does anyone have any idea for a better name?

Maybe "xx" would work:

def fdiv_with_rbinding(first_divisor)
  with_monad Failable do
    val1 =xx fdiv(2.0, first_divisor)
    val2 =xx fdiv(3.0, 1.0)
    val3 =xx fdiv(val1, val2)
    val3
  end
end

So there you have it. You can have nice monad syntax in Ruby using callcc. Unfortunately, I've read that not all implementations of Ruby have continuatoins, which means JRuby and IronRuby may be left out in the cold. Keep in mind that Ruby's "yield" syntax is NOT a true generator, which means that we can't use the same trick that we used in python. It's callcc or nothing.

Here's the complete code in case you want to cut and paste it:

############# Monad Base ##############

class Monad
  def bind(func)
    raise "not implemented"
  end
  
  def self.unit(val)
    raise "not implemented"
  end

  # bind to block
  def bindb(&func)
    bind(func)
  end
end

def with_monad(monad_class, &block)
  begin
    val = block.call()
    if val.class == monad_class
      val
    else
      monad_class.unit(val)
    end
  rescue MonadEscape => escape
    escape.monad
  end
end

# "reverse" bind, or bind to the return value, or bind to the continuation
def rbind(monad)
  begin
    mycallcc {|cc| monad.bind(cc)}
  rescue ContinuationUnused => unused
    raise MonadEscape.new(unused.result)
  end
end


class MonadEscape < RuntimeError
  attr :monad

  def initialize(monad)
    @monad = monad
  end
end

def mycallcc(&with_cc)
  used = false
  val  = callcc do |cc|
    fake_cc = lambda do |val| 
      used = true
      cc.call(val)
    end

    with_cc.call(fake_cc)
  end

  raise ContinuationUnused.new(val) unless used
  val
end 

class ContinuationUnused < RuntimeError
  attr :result
  
  def initialize(result)
    @result = result
  end
end  

############# Failable Monad ##################

class Failable < Monad
  def initialize(value, success)
    @value   = value
    @success = success
  end
      
  def bind(bindee)
    if @success
      bindee.call(@value)
    else
      self
    end
  end

  def self.unit(val)
      self.new(val, true)
  end

  def to_s
    if @success
        "Success(#{@value})"
    else
        "Failure(#{@value})"
    end
  end
end

def success(val)
  Failable.new(val, true)
end

def failure(val)
  Failable.new(val, false)
end

######## Failable Monad Example ##########

def fdiv(a, b)
  if b == 0
    failure("cannot divide by zero")
  else
    success(a / b)
  end
end

def with_failable_binding(first_divisor)
  fdiv(2.0, first_divisor).bindb { |val1|
    fdiv(3.0, 1.0)        .bindb { |val2|
      fdiv(val1, val2)    .bindb { |val3|
        success(val3)
      }
    }
  }
end

def xx(monad)
  rbind(monad)
end

def with_failable_rbinding(first_divisor)
  with_monad Failable do
    val1 =xx fdiv(2.0, first_divisor)
    val2 =xx fdiv(3.0, 1.0)
    val3 =xx fdiv(val1, val2)
    val3
  end
end

puts with_failable_binding(1.0)
puts with_failable_binding(0.0)
puts with_failable_rbinding(1.0)
puts with_failable_rbinding(0.0)

148 comments:

  1. I think what I have the biggest problem is... what to do with this?

    ReplyDelete
  2. I plan to write another article (or maybe a few) explaining what you can do with monads, and thus this syntax. Explaining how this works was big enough for one article (actually, two, there was one for python as well).

    ReplyDelete
  3. I don't have a haskell background so I've no idea what monads might be useful for, but here's how to get around your bind/bindb thing.

    def bind( proc = nil, &block )
    actual_bind( proc || block )
    end

    ReplyDelete
  4. Peter: combinator parsing!

    ReplyDelete
  5. afaik there is a difference between blocks and functions. the difference has to do with scope. sry i have no link available.

    ReplyDelete
  6. Maybe the Superator gem would enable you to use <- as an operator instead of =xx?

    ReplyDelete
  7. Methods may override operators: .., |, ^, &, <=>, ==, ===, =~, >, >=, <, <=, +, -, *, /, %, **, <<, >>, ~, +@, -@, [], []= (2 args)

    ReplyDelete
  8. It wouldn't have to be Scala or Perl6: see The Lord of the Lambdas to find out the alternative.

    ReplyDelete
  9. Hi Peter!
    This is another great bit of code (after your "Pysec" parser) - very nice!

    You very kindly agreed that Pysec could be used as public domain when I asked about it (in comments at bottom of that page - I'm the Andy there), so may I also include this Ruby parser in the public-domain collection of code that I'm putting together? (You will be credited and praised, that goes without saying...) Very many thanks for your time - bye for now!
    - Andy
    ( Oh, and btw, is it possible for you to email your email address to me? That is so I can email you to ask/thank you in future, instead of doing so via comments... Mine is - andy dot elvey at paradise dot net dot nz ) Thanks!
    - Andy

    ReplyDelete
  10. Hi Peter,

    There is now a ruby gem, Rumonade, that implements these ideas:
    https://github.com/ms-ati/rumonade

    If you give it a try, please let me know what you think of it in terms of correctness and (more importantly) usability.

    In terms of implementation, in Rumonade the Monad mix-in requires that the host class implement self.unit and #bind, and it adds the rest. Array is adapted for it, and it adds an Option and Either class so far.

    ReplyDelete
  11. There is also the monadic gem https://github.com/pzol/monadic which implements the monads with inheritance.

    ReplyDelete
  12. Many parents think that the job of ensuring their children get the best education possible and go the furthest possible is entirely up to the schools, but this really isn't the case. Parents are the most influential force in the educational future of their children. As parents think and dream about where their kids will go with their education, many envision their child being the first in the family to graduate college.http://www.how-todo.xyz/

    ReplyDelete
  13. Here you can find some additional info about assignment writing

    ReplyDelete
  14. I am currently studying programming, but this is somehow too difficult for me and I order some of my works on an essays service, because I do not have time to do everything in time. On the one hand, I am glad that there are services that provide professional assistance, but on the other, I doubt that I chose the future profession properly.

    ReplyDelete
  15. We will discuss Ruby which is an object-oriented language with classes and methods. Classes are introduced with the keyword class and methods with the keywords. According to the experts, it is very useful to us. Cheap dissertation writing service.

    ReplyDelete
  16. Resources like the one you mentioned here will be very useful to me! I will post a link to this page on my blog. Are you not able to fix the problem with the Canon Printer? Just follow the steps which are mention on the blog to Resolve Canon printer error Code 5100 issue. Thanks!

    ReplyDelete
  17. Let's now learn the important reasons due to which Python language is used at a wider range of people. best course to learn web development with python

    ReplyDelete
  18. If you want to wish international clients or friends a Happy New Year use one of the most common Happy New Year quotes in different languages. Happy New Year Wishes

    ReplyDelete
  19. Thankful to you for sharing this key information! Need you will stick doing such an activities you're doing. Website: Hp 79 Service Error

    ReplyDelete
  20. Compare Coursework writing services to draw every person’s interest, Establish and clarify the exact arrangement or possessions of all homework. Insert articles linked to people. Grab the difficulties that come up in just how chosen subject. Illustrate how issues may be at the homework and offer a remedy to overcome all those issues. Find connections between those writers. Asses sing your own idea. All Assignment Help composing writing can possibly be an effective means to generate a fantastic mission.

    ReplyDelete
  21. You can also make online flower delivery Pune with the help of Gifola's mobile application. Our mobile app makes the whole process of buying and sending flowers to Pune much easier and on-the-go. The same delivery options can be selected by you while making flower delivery using our mobile application. Ensure to choose the correct date, time, and slot so that we can serve you and your loved ones in Pune with the best of our delivery services. Another noteworthy point that makes us stand out from our competitors is the fact that every flower arrangement chosen by you for your relationships is hand-delivered by our delivery team with the same warmth and affection that you would have done personally.

    Send Flowers to Pune

    ReplyDelete
  22. If you are searching like help in UK with online exam help
    then you can get at studentsassignmethelp.co.uk. It has over 2000 expert writers who are the best in their field and have received a high number of positive feedback from UK students. If you employ a writer from SAH, you can contact them at any time via phone, email, or live chat. They are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week to assist you. They often academic writing like thesis writing help like online exam help,research paper writing,essay writing, online exam help,thesis writing,homework,research paper writing,case study,essay,thesis writing ,addition to online exam help with 100% plagiarism free at a very low cost.

    ReplyDelete
  23. Singaporetranslators.com is being one of the most active translation help websites in Singapore which has a great pool of over 500+ translators who offer Malaysia birth certificate translation in short turn around .Our experts have translated thousands of documents to the local and international clients at very reasonable price.

    ReplyDelete
  24. May I simply just say what a relief to discover someone that actually knows what they are talking about online. You actually know how to bring an issue to light and make it important. 카지노사이트

    ReplyDelete
  25. A lot more people ought to look at this and understand this side of the story. It’s surprising you aren’t more popular given that you definitely possess the gift. 사설토토

    ReplyDelete
  26. Thanks for sharing this informative content.,
    Leanpitch provides online training in Scrum Master Certification during this lockdown period everyone can use it wisely.
    Join Leanpitch 2 Days CSM Certification Workshop in different cities.

    Scrum master certification online

    CSM certification online

    CSM online

    CSM online certification

    CSM online training

    CSM training online

    Scrum master training online

    ReplyDelete
  27. I think youve created some actually interesting points. Not also many people would actually think about this the way you just did.

    스포츠토토
    바카라사이트
    파워볼 메이저사이트
    카지노사이트

    ReplyDelete
  28. This domain seems to receive a great deal of visitors. How do you advertise it? It offers a nice individual spin on things.

    토토
    스포츠토토
    토토사이트
    먹튀검증

    ReplyDelete
  29. Im still learning from you, but Im making my way to the top as well. I definitely love reading everything that is posted on your site.

    사설토토
    온라인카지노
    파워볼게임
    온라인바카라

    ReplyDelete
  30. I have been reading out many of your articles and it’s clever stuff. I will make sure to bookmark your blog. 경마사이트

    ReplyDelete
  31. I went over this internet site and I think you have a lot of great info , saved to favorites. 토토

    ReplyDelete
  32. Hi everyone, it’s my first go to see at this web page, and paragraph


    토토사이트
    토토
    안전놀이터

    ReplyDelete
  33. I was impressed by the good writing.Thank you.
    If you want to know the social graph game, come here!

    Great article, totally what I was looking for.


    스포츠토토
    토토사이트
    먹튀검증

    ReplyDelete
  34. If some one wants expert view on the topic of blogging
    and site-building then i recommend him/her to go to see this web site,
    Keep up the good work.


    카지노사이트
    바카라사이트
    홈카지노


    ReplyDelete
  35. I don't know if it's just me or if everybody else encountering problems
    with your website. It appears like some of the text in your
    posts are running off the screen. Can someone else please comment and let me know
    if this is happening to them As well? This could be a problem with my browser because I've had this happen before.

    Appreciate it 토토사이트

    ReplyDelete
  36. I was browsing the internet for information and found your blog. I am impressed with the information you have on this blog
    Data Science Course Fees

    ReplyDelete
  37. Good blog. Keep sharing. I love them Are you also searching for Cheap assignment writers? we are the best solution for you. We are best known for delivering writing services to students without having to break the bank

    ReplyDelete
  38. Good blog. Keep sharing. I love them Are you also searching for Cheap assignment help? we are the best solution for you. We are best known for delivering cheap assignments to students without having to break the bank

    ReplyDelete
  39. I am really thankful to you for sharing such useful info.
    Hope you are sharing the same in future.
    thanks 카지노사이트

    ReplyDelete
  40. Hi there! This is my first visit to your blog! We are a group of volunteers and starting a new project in a community in the same niche. Your blog provided us useful information to work on. You have done a extraordinary job! 바카라사이트

    ReplyDelete
  41. 토토 This is very attention-grabbing, You’re an overly skilled blogger.

    I have joined your feed and sit up for in search of extra of your excellent post.
    Also, I have shared your site in my social networks

    ReplyDelete
  42. You are so cool! I don't suppose I've read something like that before.
    So nice to find someone with a few original thoughts on this subject matter.


    바카라사이트
    카지노사이트
    안전카지노사이트

    ReplyDelete
  43. I love your blog.. very nice colors & theme. Keep working ,splendid job!


    토토
    안전놀이터
    먹튀검증

    ReplyDelete
  44. Hi my friend! I wish to say that this post is awesome, great written and include almost all significant infos.



    토토
    스포츠토토티비
    스포츠중계
    스포츠토토

    ReplyDelete
  45. Thank you for writing such a great informative article for today's modern readers. Two thumbs up for great content and interesting views.s
    balabolka crack

    ReplyDelete

  46. That's an outstanding piece of work!I look forward to seeing more!I am very impressed form it.
    illustrator crack


    ReplyDelete
  47. Wonderful work! This is the kind of info that are meant to be shared across the internet. Disgrace on the search engines for not positioning this post higher! Come on over and consult with my website.
    free download cinema 4d full crack

    ReplyDelete
  48. This is a good post. This post gives truly quality information. I’m definitely going to look into it. Really very useful tips are provided here. Thank you so much. Keep up the good works. Thanks again for the great post. In my opinion you will be great blogger in the future.
    photostage slideshow producer professional español full

    ReplyDelete
  49. hi Dear, Thank you for sharing your details and experience. I think it very good for me. Keep it up! Also May you like Autodesk SketchBook Pro Crack

    ReplyDelete
  50. Hey. Very nice web site!! Man .. Excellent .. Wonderful .. I’ll bookmark this web site and take the feeds also…I am happy to locate so much helpful information here within the article. Thanks for sharing… Feel free to visit my website; 카지노사이트

    ReplyDelete
  51. I high appreciate this post. It’s hard to find the good from the bad sometimes, but I think you’ve nailed it! would you mind updating your blog with more information. Feel free to visit my website; 배트맨토토

    ReplyDelete
  52. I must thank you for the efforts you’ve put in writing this blog. I am hoping to view the same high-grade blog posts from you later on as well. In fact, your creative writing abilities has inspired me to get my very own blog now ?? Thank you for the auspicious writeup. Feel free to visit my website; 카지노사이트

    ReplyDelete
  53. The students of the current generation of Australia trust the Essay Writer Service service of GotoAssignmentHelp with their eyes closed. It provides assignment help service on all the academic subjects.The quality assignments at GotoAssignmentHelp.com is second to none. The assignments provided GotoAssignmentHelp are completely spelling and grammatical error free. The students can also get the most affordable assignment help Australia service from GotoAssignmentHelp. The students are also provided the best quality writing essay service service by PhD qualified academic experts from the top universities across the world. GotoAssignmentHelp 24/7 hr service provide if you are looking for an online assignment helper service The GotoAssignmentHelp team will take care of your assignments one you book your order at our website. For more information, hire our Science Assignment Writing now.

    ReplyDelete



  54. Really Appreciable Article, Honestly Said The Thing Actually I liked The most is the step-by-step explanation of everything needed to be known for a blogger or webmaster to comment, I am going show this to my other blogger friends too.
    bitwig-studio-crack

    ReplyDelete
  55. Really Appreciable Article, Honestly Said The Thing Actually I liked The most is the step-by-step explanation of everything needed to be known for a blogger or webmaster to comment, I am going show this to my other blogger friends too.
    3dmark-crack

    ReplyDelete

  56. So nice I am enjoying for that post as for u latest version of this Security tool Available
    stardock-fences-crack

    ReplyDelete
  57. The students of the current generation rely on online platforms like GotoAssignmentHelp to get the best quality assignments. The students of the top universities of Australia trust the Science Assignment Writing service of GotoAssignmentHelp. It provides the academic services like – thesis paper help, management help, nursing homework help, case study help, human resource management assignment help, nursing assignment help, Essay Writer Australia, coursework help and many other academic services. Assignment help Singapore service of GotoAssignmentHelp is also accessible from countries like the USA, Canada, UK, Malaysia, Australia, New Zealand and many other countries across the world. If you are struggling with assignment help Australia service, access academic assignment help from GotoAssignmentHelp. For more information, hire our essay writing service Australia now.

    ReplyDelete
  58. You made such an interesting piece to read, giving every subject enlightenment for us to gain knowledge. Feel free to visit my website, thank you! 토토

    ReplyDelete
  59. Programming Assignment Help service is something that most of the students need at some point of time or the other. During the long academic career, we all have experienced how difficult it is to cope with the assignment pressure that too within short deadlines. To ease the assignment pressure upon the shoulders of the students, GotoAssignmentHelp has started online Essay Writing Website Australia service. It is the most sought-after assignment help service in London and all over Australia. Under assignment help London service, students are provided all kinds of assignment services. Management assignment help, case study help, thesis paper writing help, Dissertation Help Online, Matlab assignment help, java assignment help, etc. are some of the premium services of GotoAssignmentHelp. Students in Australia always leave their kind feedback on our service. That encourages us to improve its service every time we undertake an assignment. For more information, hire our Science Assignment Help now.

    ReplyDelete
  60. Hi there, after reading this remarkable paragraph i am too happy to share my experience here with friends.

    온라인카지노사이트
    카지노사이트
    카지노

    ReplyDelete
  61. After going over a number of the blog posts on your website, I truly appreciate your way
    of writing a blog. I saved it to my bookmark website list and will be checking back in the
    near future. Please check out my web site as well and let me know how you feel.


    카지노사이트
    안전카지노사이트
    카지노사이트홈

    ReplyDelete
  62. Hello friends, pleasant paragraph and nice arguments commented at this place, I am actually enjoying by these.

    스포츠토토
    토토

    ReplyDelete
  63. You really make it seem so easy with your presentation but I find this topic to be really something which I think I would never understand. It seems too complicated and extremely broad for me. I’m looking forward for your next post, I’ll try to get the hang of it


    스포츠토토티비
    스포츠중계
    먹튀검증

    ReplyDelete
  64. This site have particular software articles which emits an impression of being a significant and significant for you individual, able software installation.This is the spot you can get helps for any software installation, usage and cracked.
    mindgenius-Full Version
    da-formmaker-Keygen
    aomei-onekey-recovery-pro-crack
    traktor-pro-crack
    windows-firewall-control-crack
    paperport-professional-crack
    allsoftwarepro.com/mindmapper-arena-Activation Key

    ReplyDelete
  65. Really, this article is truly one of the best in the article. And this one that I found quite fascinating and should be part of my collection. Very good work!.Data Science Training in Amritsar

    ReplyDelete
  66. Wonderful blog post. It's absolute magic on your part! Hope you continue like this!
    Data Analytics Training in Bangalore

    ReplyDelete
  67. Do My Assignment Washington. Our experts understand your problem of writing such big assignments so you need to click on the assignments provided by Psychology assignment help.

    Malaysia assignment helper
    research paper helper
    Best Assignment Experts
    case study writing help
    Case Study Solution

    ReplyDelete
  68. After looking through a few blog articles on your website,
    we sincerely appreciate the way you blogged.
    We've added it to our list of bookmarked web pages and will be checking back in the near
    future. Please also visit my website and tell us what you think.
    glary-utilities-pro-crack
    voiceattack-control-crack
    mcafee-livesafe-crack
    macbooster-crack

    ReplyDelete
  69. Your blogs are authentic and great. Are you also searching for cheap nursing writing company? we are the best solution for you. We are best known for delivering quality essay writing services to students without having to break the bank

    ReplyDelete
  70. Your blogs are great.Are you also searching for Cheap Nursing Writing company? we are the best solution for you. We are best known for delivering cheap nursing writing services to students without having to break the bank.whatsapp us:+1-(951)-468-9855

    ReplyDelete
  71. I read this article! I hope you will continue to have such articles to share with everyone! thank you! You can Visit my website
    real-commando-secret-mission-crack
    hide-my-ip-crack
    windows-11-activator-crack
    k7-total-security-crack-2
    sandboxie-crack

    ReplyDelete
  72. THIS ARTICALE IS HELPING ME. VERY USEFULL INFORMATION.THANKS ADMIN
    JProfiler Crack is a Java profiler tool that helps users resolve performance bottlenecks, pin down memory leaks and understand threading issues.
    CyberGhost VPN Crack to provide your digital life with an extra layer of protection and keep the eye-witnesses at bay! Through CyberGhost VPN, you can remain untraceable and secure online.
    HMA Pro VPN Crack is a VPN app that lets you stay anonymous while you browse the Internet, protecting all your information from prying eyes.
    WPS Office Premium Crack the WPS and WPS office software has a deep history in China. Kingsoft tweeted that the Linux version was paused in May 2022, but rejected it after a few days,
    Allavsoft Crack is a strong Video Downloader Software for PC that upholds downloading films, music recordings, playlists, sports recordings, talks, and more from free video sharing sites like Facebook, Dailymotion, EHow, and in excess of 100 video sharing destinations.

    ReplyDelete
  73. This piece of writing is in fact a nice one it assists new web viewers, who are wishing for blogging. 먹튀검증

    ReplyDelete
  74. Great bloog here! Also your website loads up very fast! What web host are you using? Can I get your affiliate link to your host? I wih my website loaded up as quickly as yours 경마사이트

    ReplyDelete
  75. Greate article. Keep writing such kind of information on your page.
    Im really impressed by your blog. 바카라사이트

    ReplyDelete
  76. Remarkable! Its truly remarkable piece of writing, I have got much clear
    idea about from this paragraph. 토토

    ReplyDelete
  77. I want to always read your blogs. I love them Are you also searching for Nursing case study writing services? we are the best solution for you. We are best known for delivering Nursing case study writing services to students without having to break the bank

    ReplyDelete
  78. I must say this is very informative blog. The Student Helpline is providing Perdisco Assignment Help in United kingdom with its best experts. Experts are well experienced. Also, they are working on plague-free content at 24*7 for you. We are reliable to deliver our service on time.

    ReplyDelete
  79. I am so glad to see your post which talk about monads in ruby with nice synx. I’ve read this post and if I could I desire to suggest you some interesting things or suggestions. Perhaps you could write the next articles referring to this article. I want to read more things about it! Feel free to visit my website; assignment writers qatar.💞

    ReplyDelete

  80. Please keep on posting such quality articles as this is a rare thing to find these days. I am always searching online for posts that can help me. Watching forward to another great blog. A million thanks for sharing. federal college of agriculture ishaigu admission forms out

    ReplyDelete
  81. Thank you for this great post!
    Get QnA Assignment Help Answers from proficient writers. Are you looking for help with your Assignment? No problem! Our instant online assignment help service can connect you with an expert in seconds. Our experts are available 24*7, so you can get help any time. So visit us and book your order now.

    ReplyDelete

  82. It's nice to come here once and get useful information. I believe that a healthy big data era can be maintained only when such high-quality information. Thank you so much for sharing. unilag school of post-graduate studies admission forms out

    ReplyDelete
  83. Are you not interested in spending on expensive academic writing services? Cool! Just contact us. At Case Study Help Saudi Arabia, especially for the students of Saudi Arabia, we offer our assignment help services at a reasonable price. So, you need not pay a high amount for us. Along with the best prices, we also provide special deals for our services.

    ReplyDelete
  84. Assignment tasks provide Management Case Study Help at a nominal price. In our team, we have skilled management assignment helpers to deliver original solutions without delay. Our assignment writing experts will be active on the platform round the clock. So, no issue whether it is day or night, whenever you need assistance with assignment writing, be in touch with the professionals in our team via Live Chat.

    ReplyDelete
  85. Thanks for sharing this informative blog. i want to share some information about programming assignment help. As a student, I often struggle with complex programming assignments in these programming professionals are best in their work they know the value of time and provide unique content

    ReplyDelete
  86. What a useful article. The information on this blog is very intriguing, and the post is very useful. I appreciate you sharing your experience and wisdom.
    How interesting and helpful an article! The information on this blog is intriguing, and the post provided me with a lot of useful knowledge. I thank you for sharing your experience and expertise - it was very insightful!
    truck accident attorney

    ReplyDelete
  87. Are you seeking for Case Study Help Websites in Australia? Choose Case Study Help for any kinds of assignment help. We provide many assignments help services like Marketing Case Study Help, Finance Case Study Help, Nursing Assignment Help and many more.

    ReplyDelete
  88. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  89. Need Programming Assignment Help Online in UK? Our Programming Specialists are here to assist you instantly with your projects and homework. We are available 24x7 anytime! Get Programming help from Professional Assignment Help Company UK.

    ReplyDelete
  90. Worried about the CDR report for Engineers Australia? Get knowledge about CDR from CDR Australia. Competency Demonstration Report (CDR) is a technological statement providing complete information about an engineer's competency levels, engineering skills & knowledge. We provide CDR Report writing services by expert CDR writers. Visit us for more info.

    ReplyDelete
  91. Secure your A+ grade in your assignment project with study assignment help online in UK. Choose Study Assignment Help for Homework Editing at a reasonable price. We always present via live chat for UK students to help with assignments & homework editing proofreading. Hire brilliant top experts & editors. Visit us for more info.

    ReplyDelete
  92. This blog post is absolutely fantastic! The content is informative and well-written, making it a pleasure to read. I learned so much from this and can't wait to apply these ideas in my own life. Keep up the excellent work! How Much is A Divorce in New York State

    ReplyDelete
  93. In a world where academic demands are constantly on the rise, assignment help online has emerged as a valuable resource for students seeking assistance with their assignments. It offers a lifeline to those struggling with time constraints, language barriers, or the pressure to excel in diverse subjects.

    ReplyDelete
  94. The article praises the effort to improve syntax in Ruby to make monads more accessible and maintainable. Monads are a powerful abstraction in functional programming, and making them more accessible can benefit developers who want cleaner and more maintainable code. The idea of making monads more intuitive is promising, as Ruby's flexibility allows for creative solutions and can simplify code and reduce cognitive load. However, it is essential to strike a balance between syntactic sugar and clarity. While improving syntax can make code more readable, it should not obscure the underlying concepts of monads. Developers should still have a clear understanding of how monads work and when to use them. Providing comprehensive documentation and real-world examples can help developers grasp the concept and apply it effectively in their projects. The effort to make monads more approachable in Ruby is commendable, but it should be done with care to maintain a balance between improved syntax and a solid understanding of monadic principles.motorcycle accident attorneys near me

    ReplyDelete
  95. "Monads in Ruby (with nice syntax!)" is a valuable resource for Ruby developers looking to understand and implement monads in a more elegant and readable manner. It provides clear explanations and practical examples of how monads can simplify complex code structures and improve maintainability. The book emphasizes creating a user-friendly syntax, making it more accessible to developers and demonstrating the power of monads in functional programming within the Ruby context. Abogado Conducir Sin Licencia de Condado Hudson

    ReplyDelete
  96. I request you warmly, please, don’t ever stop writing. Thank you!

    ReplyDelete

  97. Nice article, looking forward for another great post from you.

    ReplyDelete
  98. I was really happy to find this website! I wanted to say thanks for the fantastic read. I'm well-known in the field of traffic law. I have years of experience helping people with traffic law issues. If you looking for Lexington Conducción imprudente

    ReplyDelete
  99. "Monads in Ruby (with nice syntax!)" is a valuable tutorial for Ruby developers exploring functional programming. It simplifies the complex concept of monads and provides practical examples to enhance code readability and maintainability. While the guide is accessible, more emphasis on real-world applications could enhance its value. Overall, a must-read for Ruby enthusiasts. Abogado de Conducción Imprudente del Condado de Essex

    ReplyDelete

  100. "Monads in Ruby (with nice syntax!) explores a complex topic with clarity and a focus on user-friendly syntax, making it accessible even for those new to monads. The podcast masterfully breaks down the intricacies of monads in the Ruby programming language, providing practical insights and real-world examples. The host's engaging delivery and commitment to demystifying this challenging concept make the episode both informative and enjoyable. Whether you're a Ruby enthusiast or just diving into the world of monads, this podcast offers a valuable and approachable resource. A commendable blend of technical depth and accessibility."Abogado Tráfico Fairfax





    ReplyDelete
  101. Decree Defenders is ready to serve as your strategic defense whether you are going through a more contentious divorce or are just trying to get a separation agreement. We carefully go over the specifics of your case, making sure that every facet is looked at in detail. Via negotiation, mediation, or, if required, litigation, our objective is to uphold your rights and achieve a successful resolution.Abogado Divorcio del Condado Fairfax

    ReplyDelete
  102. The arsenal of strategic defense techniques at the Fairfax Fortress of Justice is extensive. The Guru uses a range of tactics to protect clients' rights and interests, from painstaking investigations to persuasive courtroom litigations. Whether striking advantageous plea agreements or vehemently advocating in court, the Fortress of Justice is a symbol of unwavering determination in the fight for justice.Abogado de Defensa Criminal de Virginia del Condado de Fairfax

    ReplyDelete
  103. Thank you for making something worth reading.

    ReplyDelete
  104. Thank you. Actually, I run a site similar to you.

    ReplyDelete
  105. The post you shared is very unique and informative.

    ReplyDelete
  106. Having read this I believed it was really enlightening.

    ReplyDelete
  107. This post was very well written, and it also contains

    ReplyDelete
  108. Remarkably! It is as if you read my mind!

    ReplyDelete
  109. I found the post to be good. The shared are greatly appreciated
    Regards
    Chauffeur Services Dubai

    ReplyDelete
  110. I appreciate you clarifying the divorce rules in New York State! You have made a very difficult subject more approachable with your thorough explanations and concise analysis. You've clearly done your homework, and I value the time and effort you've taken to provide insightful information. It is very admirable how you explain legal topics in an understandable way. Continue doing a great job; your site is quickly becoming a valuable resource for anyone attempting to understand the nuances of divorce law.What are The Divorce Laws in New York State

    ReplyDelete
  111. While Ruby doesn't have built-in support for monads like some functional languages, it is possible to implement monads using Ruby's flexible syntax and object-oriented features. By defining classes that adhere to the monadic interface, Ruby developers can create monads for handling operations such as error handling, asynchronous computation, or chaining operations in a functional style. dui lawyer winchester va

    ReplyDelete
  112. Local Bankruptcy Lawyers: bankrupsy lawyers near me Find expert guidance near you. Our experienced bankruptcy attorneys offer personalized advice and support to navigate the complexities of bankruptcy law. bankrupsy lawyers near me Get the help you need.

    ReplyDelete
  113. I love it here. Reading your blogs is therapeutic. Keep sharing. I love them Are you also searching for do assignment for me? we are the best solution for you. We are best known for delivering cheap assignments to students without having to break the bank

    ReplyDelete
  114. Are you looking for the best nursing research paper writing help
    ? look no further we offer quality services contact us for more information.

    ReplyDelete
  115. Your ability to navigate challenges with grace and precision is a testament to your expertise. Well done silver rings

    ReplyDelete
  116. your syntax is very nice, its very useful for so many members like me. Fairfax Divorce Lawyer

    ReplyDelete
  117. Your work reflects a level of commitment and expertise that elevates our projects. Thank you for your unwavering dedication to excellence. himalaya shilajit

    ReplyDelete
  118. Your professionalism is a guiding light for everyone. It's so refreshing seeking such kind of knowledge, thanks for expanding our horizons!

    ReplyDelete
  119. I am really grateful for your blog post for giving a lot of information

    ReplyDelete
  120. This is wonderful website to find blogs on various topics.

    ReplyDelete
  121. This information provided by you is very practical for good planning.

    ReplyDelete
  122. Thanks for taking the time to post such valuable information. Quality content is good.

    ReplyDelete
  123. Very informative and well-written post! Greatjob for your hardwork man.

    ReplyDelete
  124. You have a good point here! I totally agree with what you have said!!

    ReplyDelete
  125. I wanted to thank you for this excellent read. I definitely loved every little bit of it.

    ReplyDelete
  126. Many thanks for the insightful information you provided.

    ReplyDelete
  127. I love the efforts you have put in this, thanks for all the great blog posts.

    ReplyDelete
  128. Semi-truck accidents pose significant risks on roads worldwide, often resulting in devastating consequences. Collisions involving these large vehicles can lead to severe injuries, fatalities, and substantial property damage. Factors contributing to such accidents include driver fatigue, mechanical failures, adverse weather conditions, and reckless driving. These incidents not only impact those directly involved but also cause traffic disruptions and economic losses. Effective measures such as improved driver training, stricter regulations, and advanced safety technologies are crucial in reducing the frequency and severity of semi-truck accidents.
    semi trucks accidents



    ReplyDelete
  129. The code demonstrates a well-written and readable implementation of monads in Ruby, focusing on syntactic niceties. It is clear that the code is well-written and easy to follow, with descriptive method names and comments. The implementation of the Monad base class and the Failable monad showcases core concepts well, and the bind method is implemented to chain operations. The use of rbind and with_monad methods enhances syntax and reduces boilerplate. However, suggestions for improvement include using more descriptive names, ensuring compatibility across different Ruby implementations, exploring other syntactic sugar options or operator overloading, and conducting thorough testing of monad implementations. By breaking down the code into more lines and providing appropriate indentation, the code becomes easier to read and understand, especially for those new to the codebase or unfamiliar with monadic concepts. bankruptcy chapter 7 attorneys near me

    ReplyDelete
  130. تتخذ مؤسسة الخير بالرياض دوراً محورياً في توفير حلول عزل مبتكرة للخزانات، مما يضمن المياه نقية وصالحة للاستهلاك.
    شركة عزل خزانات بالرياض

    ReplyDelete
  131. تقدم شركة أركان الشامل مجموعة متنوعة من خدمات التنظيف
    شركة تنظيف بالدمام

    ReplyDelete
  132. This post is a beautiful reminder of the power of appreciation. Sometimes we forget to express gratitude for the people who support us and the experiences that shape us. Thank you for sharing these heartfelt insights and inspiring us to cherish every moment. false protective order virginia

    ReplyDelete

Blog Archive

Google Analytics